Concrete form for building construction



927- 1 633,715 June 1 E. seems CONCRETE FOR! F68 BUILDING CONST UCTIONFiled April 23, 1924 2 Shoots-Sheet 1' June 28, 1927. 1,633,715

E. E. SEELYE- CONCRETE FORM FGR B UILDING CONSTRUCTION med A nii 23.1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 28, 1927.

era-res PATENT OFFICE.

ELVJ'YN EGGLESTOIT $EELYE, OF NEW YORK, N, 3 ASSIGNOB OF ONEI-IALF TONA- TIOlTA'L CONCRETE METAL FORMS GORL ORATZON, CH3v NEW YORK, N. Y., ACOR PORATION 03 NEW YORK.

CONCRETE FORM FOR B'UKLDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed April 23, 1924. Serial No. 708,379.

struction, it is usual to employ in the pro duction of the floor moldsor forms of one character or another which forms or males are supportedin positi n by shoring and.

are assembled to support the concrete material in a manner to produce afloor slab and to produce beams unitary with said slab, whereof thedepth of the beams exceeds to a material extent the thickness of theslab.

One object of my invention is to produce a concrete slab iioorconstruction wherein the stresses upon the beams are distributed shouldthe load impose l, accident-ally or designedly, exceed the estimatedcapacity of said beams to carry the loac Loading of a floor slab beyondits estimated capacity is occasioned in some instances by the erectionof partitions upon the slab, and in other cases by the concentration ofweighty material within a definite area upon the slab. In such cases, ithas been heretofore required tovmaterially increase the cross section ofthe beams, or to resort to the expedient of embedding steel incompression either in the beam or the slab, or in both; but according tomy invention, such increase in the cross section of the beams or in theuse of embedded compression steel is avoided by the employment of headerbeams which span the longitudinal or main beams and which perform thefunction of distributing the stresses upon said longitudinal or mainbeams, and thus compensate for efrcess loading of the slab. The headerbeams are useful, more particularly, in wide span fioor slabs, and suchbeams are molded so asto be unitary with the slab and the main beams,although it is to be remarked that the header beam or beams are notequal in depth, usually, to the depth of the main beams. 1

My invention comprises a form or mold, whereby the main beams and the.header beams'are molded with theslab in a facile manner, and withattendant economy in the use of the. lumber required in the erect-ion ofthe shoring" by which said forms or molds are; pported in the positionrequired'for molding the concrete resulting ultiin'atel'y removed;

in the production of the slab with the beams, both main and header.

Various constructional forms of the molds may be employed for producingthe header beams unitary with the main beams and the slab. According toone embodiment, a header mold may be positioned intermediate the endportions of two adjacent slab 1nold ing forms, wherea in anotherconstructional form a header mold may constitute a unitary part of themain form-or mold, but as a preferrrd construction I employ a slab moldprovided intermediate its ends with a transverse slot, with whichslotted mold is associated a header mold that is insertible anddcmountable at will, to the end that the molds may be assembled withfacility and adapted for assemblage on'the job and at the same time thestructure can. be disassembled and compactly arranged for storage andshipment.

Other functions and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figural is a cross sectional View of a concrete floorslab and a succession of main beams with which are associated headerbeams in accordance with my invention, the plane of said section beingindicated by the dotted line 11 of'Figure 2.

F igure 2 is a plan View, with a portion of the floor slab broken away,illustrating the main beams'and the header beams bridging the mainbeams. I r

Figure 3' is a section at right angles to Figure 1 and on thedotted'line 3-3 of said figure,with theforms in place for molding theconcrete to produce the header beams unitary with the slab and themainbeams.

Figured is a perspective view on an enlarged scale illustratinga'slaband beam moldlrecessed or slotted to co-operate' with a header mold,

header "mold as-it appears when displaced from the slab and beam mold.

Figure 6is a side elevation of the slotted slab and beam mold, theheader mold'being Figure? is a'perspective View of another form of moldwherein the member for moldtoo ing the header beam. is unitary with themember for molding the slab and main beam.

Figure 8 is a view in side elevation of a plurality 0rslab and beammolds assembled in end to end order and with an interposed member formolding the header beam, and

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the header mold adapted for assemblagewith the main mold. as depicted in Figure 8.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, A is afioor slab, B a series of mainbeams extending lengthwise or said slab or from one bearing wall 5 to anadjacent bearing wall I), and C are header beams which span or bridgethe main beams.

The main beams B and slab A are unitary, and in my invention the headerbeams C are also unitary with the slab and with the main beams, all thespecified parts or elements A, B, C being molded in situ and composedusually of concrete material with or without the socalled filler blocks,the latter being used on occasion for reducing the weight of the slab.

The depth of the main beams B is considerably in excess of the thicknessof the slab, see Figure 1, so that said beams depend from the plane ofthe slab.

The depth of the header beams C is not, however, equal to the depth ofthe main beams B, thus eliecting economy in the use of concrete materialrequired for the production of the header beams. As shown, the headerbeams C is about one-half the depth (more or less) of the main beams,but these header beams are molded at their ends to join with the mainbeams and are molded for the tops of said header beams to join with thefloor slab A, thus resulting in a monolithic structure. 7

it is apparent that the slab and the beams may be reinforced by steelrods as is usual in the art, and in Figure 1 such reinforcing rods areindicated at D, E, wherein the rods D are embedded in the material ofmain beams B, and rods E are similarly embedded in header beams C,suitable straps or hangers 45 being used for connecting the rods.

It is well known that in apartment buildings, hotels, and officebuildings, where partitions are numerous, it becomes necessary to changethe location of such partitions, as indicated by the dot and dash line Xin Figure 2, to meet the requirements of tenants, etc. Furthermore, afloor slab is subject to the concentration within a definite area of anexcessive load. Ordinarily conditions in the change of the load is metby designing the main beams of such cross section as to carry anestimated excess of load, but such designs involve the use of beams ofgreater depth and require an excess of steel in compression. Suchobjections are, however, overcome in my invention by the use of headerbeams which span or bridge the main beams, such header beams performingthe function of distributing the load over two or more of the mainbeams.

The slab and the beams B C are molded by forms assembled in series asshown in Figure 3, certain of said torms being constructed for moldingthe concrete to produce the hea ler beams G. The forms or molds employedare adapted primarily for molding the concrete to produce the slab A andmain beams B, as in Figure 3, wherein a series of forms F are assembledin end to end order and in lapping relation. Such terms are assembled inrows to produce a continuous slab A and a series of beams B, such "formsor molds F being supported by an undertraming or lumber structure knownin the art as shoring and which requires the work of carpenters incutting, fitting, assemcling and installation with adequate skill toproduce a floor slab construction of the required character. Thoseskilled in the art are aware that the undertraming or shoring ordinarilyemployed involves the use of parts known as sottit boards and sofiitjoists with which co-operate the forms F in a manner to mold concretefor producing the under surface of the slab A, and the side and under-faces of the beams B; but as such undertraming or shoring is well knownin the art, l have not considered it necessary to further describe thesame nor to illustrate the same herein. It is to be said, however, thatto mold the concrete for the production of the header beams it isordinarily necessary to I cut the soifit planks and joists, involving anundue mutilation of lumber and necessitating an unnecessary amount oftime and labor in the erection of the shoring. To overcome thesedifficulties and to attain economy of time and labor, as well as toreduce the quantity of concrete material required in the production ofthe header beams C, I provide means illustrated in variousconstructional forms in Figures 4: to 9, inclusive, of the drawings.

G is a mold or "form, see Figures 4 and 6, open at the bottom and endsand with side walls and a top, the same being preferably of metallicconstruction. This form is pro Vided with aslot g which is cut in thetop and the opposite sides, the depth of said slot being about one-halfthe depth of the form. The slot is about midway the length of: the formand is transverse to its longitudinal axis. With the slotted "form isassociated a header mold H, see Figure 5, comprising a metallicstructure composed of a bottomrand two sides, and of such form anddimensions as to snugly fit within the slot 9. Said header mold isflanged at the top andend edges of its sides, as'well as the end edgesof the bottom, as at h, in order that the flanges k may contact with'theform G adjacent I slab and beam form G.

the boundary edges of the slot 9, whereby the header form H is supportedby the slab and beam form G and is confined by its flanges it fromdisplacement relatively to the To use the forms G, H, the header beammold H is placed within the slot 9 of-form G, and the latter isassembled with other slab and beam forms F so that the mold G with thesuperposed mold H will be at the place where it is desired to mold theconcrete, see Figure 3. The required number of forms F, G, having beenassembled in rows, and w1th the molds H occupying the slots g 1 of moldsG, the plastic concrete is deposited as usual to fill the spacesproduced by the forms and the soiiit planks and to fill, al o, thespaces within the transverse molds H. so that there ultimately isproduced by the setting of the plastic concrete material a floor slabwith main beams the space between which beams is bridged by the headerbeani (3. As shown in Figure 2, the header beams C are at the middlepart of the mainbeams, but obviously the number of header beams may beincreased.

Another constructional form of means for molding the header beamsintegral with the slab and the main beams is shown in Figure 7, whereinthe slab-and-beam mold or form I is provided with a depression 11bounded by a bottom 2" and two side walls one of whichis shown at 2' Inthis construction the mold for molding the header beam is unitary withthe mold for molding the slab and main beam, the boundary walls 2', 2'for the header beam mold cavity 2' being in fixed relation to the partsof theslab and main beam mold I. It is preferred to employ theconstruction of Figures 4, 5 and 6 for the reason that the header beammold H may be detached from the slab andmain beam mold G, whereby anumber of molds G may be nested in compact relation, and the header beammolds H may also be nested, to the end that the molds Gr, H, may bestored and transported with facility. This function is not inherent inmolds of the construction depicted in Figure 7 for the reason that thecavity 2' constituting the header beam mold space interferes to acertain extent with the operation of nesting the molds for storage andtransportation. A further embodi ment of the invention is shown inFigures 8 and 9, wherein a header beam mold J is interposed between theend portions of two adjacent slab and main beam molds F. This headerbeam mold is composed of "a bottom 7' and side walls j forming the moldcavity, J, and with legs 76 at the ends of the mold cav-- ity. The legsare in pendent relation to the mold cavity, and the walls 7" are flangedat m to the end that the marginal parts of mold J will overlap the endportions of molds F upon the assemblage of the molds F, J.

Obviously, theadjacent molds F are separated or spaced at the linewherethe header beams are to be molded, and the molds J are positionedintermediate the proximate ends of'molds F or their end caps (notshown), the molds F, J. being carried directly or in directly by thesoffit joist-s of the shoring or underframing. The concrete material isdumped upon the molds which are so related that molds F operate to moldthe slab and main beams, whereas the molds J impart the required crosssection to the header beams, the depth of said header beams being lessthan the depth of the main beams and the header beams being unitary withthe slab and the main beams.

It -will be noted that the header-beam molds extend crosswise of theslab and main beam molds, and further. that the closed bottom members ofsaid header beam molds are well above the open under sides of said slaband main beam molds, as a result of which the said molds co-operate inthe formation of the plastic concrete material to produce the slab, themain beams and the header beams, the under surface of which header beamsare well above the under faces of the main beams. This organization ofmolds attains a desired economy in vthe formation of the plasticconcrete to produce the header beams, and furthermore, the several moldsare assembled by the use of continuous sofiit planks and soffit joistson the shoring or underframing; in other words,'it is not re quired tocut and mutilate the soffit planks and soflit joists to accommodate thetransversely positioned header beam molds, thus further attaining adesirable economy of lumber and also in the time and labor required forthe installation of said shoring or underframing.

My new construction of forms for the production of header beams in aconcrete floor slab attains economy in the plastic concrete material, inthe lumber required for the shoring or underframing, and in time andlabor required for the installation of such shoring. The new floorconstruction with header beams intermediate the main beamseliminates'the necessity for special width joists or beams and theadditional expense of carpenters on the jobfor locating such specialbeams in a manner to line up the joists with respectto the positions tobe occupied by the partitions in accordance with the plans of architectsor builders. Again, the header beams in the concrete floor slabconstruction distributes the stresses to adjacent beams which stressesare occasioned by concentration of loads upon the slab, and such headerbeams also tend to relieve weakened beams from the requirement to carrythe full load apportioned thereto, and, further, such header beams addstability to deep beams on long span slab constructions.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a structure or" the class described, a mold provided with atransverse slot and a headerbeam mold positioned in said slot andseparable from said mold.

2. In a structure of the class described, a mold'provided with a slotthe depth of which is less than that of the mold, and a headerbeam moldoccupying said slot and separable from said mold.

In a concrete mold of the class described, the combination with aplurality of unitary molds assembled for forming a slab and a pluralityof main beams integral with said slab, of a plurality of header-beammolds each extending within the limits of one of the slab-forming moldsand co-operable therewith for the production of headerbeams unitary withthe resulting slab and with the main beams.

In a concrete mold of the class described, the combination with unitaryslab forming mold, of a unitary header-beam mold contacting forsubstantially its length with said slab-forming mold andseparable as aunit therefrom.

5. In a concrete form of the class described, the combination withunitary slabforming molds, of unitary header-forming molds eachextending transversely to one slabforming mold and separable as a unittherefrom, the marginal portions of said header-forming mold contactingfor substantially its length with said slab-forming mold.

G. In a concrete form of the class described, the combination with aunitary slabtorming mold, of a unitary header-forming mold extendingtransversely to, and within the limits of, said slab-tori'ning mold.

7. In a concrete form of the class described, the combination withaunitary slaborming mold, of a unitary header-forming d supported solelyby said slab-forming mold and demountable as a unit therefrom.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name hereto this 5th day of March,1924.

EL VVYN EGGLESTON SEELYE'.

